Thalassemia

What is Thalassemia

Thalassemia is an inherited (i.e., passed from parents to children through genes) blood disorder caused when the body doesn’t make enough of a protein called hemoglobin, an important part of red blood cells.

Types of blood cells in human

Difference between Normal Vs Thalassemia

Burden of disease in India

  1. β-thalassemia is the commonest single-gene disorder in the Indian population.
  2. 10% of the total world thalassemics are born in India every year
  3. The incidence varying from 1 to 17%
  4. The prevalence of pathological hemoglobinopathies in India is 1.2/1,000 live births
  5. With approximately 27 million births per year this would suggest the annual birth of 32,400 babies with a serious hemoglobin disorder.

Effects of Thalassemia

Proposed model

  • BMT
  • Chelation
  • Transfusion

Treatment

  • Curative – BMT (Bone Marrow Transplant)
  • Supportive
    • Blood transfusion [proper]
    • Chelation

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